Description
Cabenuva (cabotegravir + rilpivirine) is a long-acting injectable medication used to treat HIV-1 infection in adult patients. It consists of two active ingredients, cabotegravir and rilpivirine, which are both antiretroviral drugs that work by preventing the replication of the virus.
Uses:
Cabenuva is used to treat HIV-1 infection in adult patients who have already been treated with both cabotegravir and rilpivirine and have achieved viral suppression. This medication is given as a long-acting injection once every four weeks, replacing the need for daily oral antiretroviral pills.
Storage Conditions:
Cabenuva should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). The medication can be stored at room temperature (up to 30°C/86°F) for a maximum of seven days before the injection, but it must be used before the expiry date stated on the package.
Mechanism of Action:
Cabotegravir works by inhibiting the activity of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that is necessary for the replication of HIV-1, thereby preventing the virus from multiplying. Rilpivirine works by blocking the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is necessary for the production of viral DNA, stopping the virus from spreading.
HOW TO USE:
Cabenuva must be administered by a healthcare professional as a long-acting injection. Patients must receive the first dose of cabotegravir and rilpivirine separately before starting Cabenuva to confirm their tolerance to both drugs. Cabenuva is given as a single injection once every four weeks in the buttocks area. Patients must adhere strictly to the injection schedule to ensure effective treatment.
Precautions:
• Individuals allergic to any of the components of Cabenuva, cabotegravir, or rilpivirine, must avoid this medication.
• Patients who develop a hypersensitivity reaction to Cabenuva must discontinue using the medication and seek medical attention immediately.
• This medication may cause worsening of hepatitis B infections in patients who have been previously infected. Patients with known or suspected hepatitis B virus infection should be tested before starting Cabenuva.
• Cabenuva may cause depression or suicidal ideation. Patients should be monitored carefully while taking the medication.
• Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications that they are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
Drug Interactions:
Cabenuva may interact with rifabutin, a medication used to treat tuberculosis, and oral contraceptives, which can reduce the effectiveness of Cabenuva. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications that they are taking while using Cabenuva.
Contraindications:
• Cabenuva is contraindicated in patients with known or suspected resistance to either cabotegravir or rilpivirine.
• Cabenuva must not be used in patients who are not virally suppressed. Patients must receive the first dose of cabotegravir and rilpivirine separately before starting Cabenuva.
Overdose:
No cases of overdose have been reported with the use of Cabenuva. In the unlikely event of an overdose, patients must seek medical attention immediately.
Adverse Reactions:
Common adverse reactions associated with Cabenuva use include injection site reactions, such as pain, redness, swelling, or hardness, and changes in liver function tests. Other adverse reactions may include headache, fatigue, and fever. Patients should consult their healthcare provider if they experience any unusual reactions while taking Cabenuva.
In conclusion, Cabenuva is a long-acting injectable medication used to treat HIV-1 infection in adult patients who have achieved viral suppression with individual cabotegravir and rilpivirine antiretroviral therapy. The medication contains two active ingredients, cabotegravir and rilpivirine, which work by inhibiting the activity of the reverse transcriptase enzyme and preventing the replication of HIV-1. Cabenuva must be administered by a healthcare professional as a single injection once every four weeks and must be stored in the refrigerator. Precautions must be taken by patients with known or suspected hepatitis B virus infection or who are taking other medications. While adverse reactions such as injection site reactions and changes in liver function tests can occur, patients should consult their healthcare provider if they experience any unusual reactions while using Cabenuva.
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