Description
Ninlaro (ixazomib) is a medication used to treat multiple myeloma in combination with other drugs. The drug belongs to a class of medications known as proteasome inhibitors, which work by interfering with the normal function of proteasomes, leading to the death of cancer cells. It is taken orally in capsule form.
Uses:
Ninlaro is used in combination with other drugs to treat multiple myeloma in adults who have already received at least one prior therapy. The medication works by blocking the enzymatic activity of proteasomes, leading to cancer cell death.
Storage Conditions:
Ninlaro capsules should be stored at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F), protected from moisture, sunlight, and heat.
Mechanism of Action:
Ninlaro is a proteasome inhibitor that works by blocking the activity of proteasomes, a complex of enzymes present in cells that break down proteins. Proteasomes play a critical role in cancer cell survival by breaking down harmful misfolded or damaged proteins. By blocking this activity, Ninlaro causes buildup of these proteins that leads to cancer cell death.
HOW TO USE:
Ninlaro capsules are taken orally by mouth as prescribed by a healthcare provider and with a glass of water. The medication is typically taken once weekly on the same day of the week, with oral dexamethasone, a type of steroid that enhances the efficacy of the medication.
Precautions:
Ninlaro may cause gastrointestinal adverse reactions, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. To minimize these effects, the medication should be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after food, and should not be taken with grapefruit or grapefruit juice. Patients taking drugs that affect liver or kidney function should also exercise caution while taking Ninlaro.
Drug Interactions:
Ninlaro may interact with other medications, particularly those that are substrates of CYP3A4. Therefore, patients taking any medications that inhibit or induce CYP3A4 should inform their medical providers before taking Ninlaro. Additionally, patients taking warfarin should also inform their medical providers, as Ninlaro may increase the risk of bleeding.
Contraindications:
Ninlaro is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug. It is also not recommended for use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers.
Overdose:
There is currently no established protocol for Ninlaro overdose. If an overdose is suspected, medical attention should be sought immediately.
Adverse Reactions:
Common side effects of Ninlaro include gastrointestinal effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Additionally, rash, peripheral neuropathy, and thrombocytopenia are possible side effects. Patients should inform their medical provider of any abnormal and persistent symptoms during treatment.
In conclusion, Ninlaro (ixazomib) is a proteasome inhibitor that is effective in treating multiple myeloma in combination with other drugs. It works by blocking proteasome activity to induce cancer cell death. Patients taking Ninlaro should take it on an empty stomach, avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, and inform their healthcare providers of any medication being taken. Individuals who cannot tolerate strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers should not take Ninlaro. Common side effects include gastrointestinal effects, rash, peripheral neuropathy, and thrombocytopenia.
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